R. Sivakumar ¹, A. Maheswari ², P. Pushpa ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Periyar Maniammai University, Thanjavur-613403, IN
2 School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, IN

Abstract

There is the greatest demand for electronic weighing scale in vegetable shops, health industries and especially to measure the tiny things. This paper proposes a Wireless electronic weighing scale designed using ultra low power MSP430 controller and with ZigBee wireless communication module. The weighing scale measures the weight with the help of strain sensor and the processor, which has an inbuilt FRAM memory and Real time clock and calendar. This makes the scale to update the weighing databases more accurately and instruction with host PC in a wireless manner. The ZigBee cluster tree network is formed to communicate with more than one electronic scale and the network performance is analyzed using NetSim. The Visual Basic language is developed for user interface in PC side for generating bills.

Keywords

MSP430FR5739 Microprocessor, NetSim, PPSEN-10245 Strain Sensor, ZigBee Module

Full Text

   

K. H. Hemalatha ¹, G. Babu ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Applied Electronics, R. M. K. Engineering College, Gummidipoondi, Tiruvallur - 601 206, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Nowadays, in biomedical field, imaging techniques are used to discover the abnormalities in the particular region. Lesion is an area in an organ or tissue, which has suffered from damage through injury or disease, such as a wound, ulcer, abscess, or tumor. Lesion area of the tissue is detected using source images. Wireless capsule endoscopy image of the gastrointestinal tract is used to find the lesion. Preprocessing of image is done using denoising by multidimensional filter. Denoised image is edge detected during which the edge points in an image differentiation is highlighted by Sobel edge detection. The value of each pixel in the edge detected image is evaluated based on the comparison of corresponding pixel in the input image with its neighboring pixels by the morphological operation. Erosion and dilation operation erodes and adds pixels respectively to the edge detected image, so that the value of the output pixel has the maximum pixel value. During segmentation, the pixels are grouped using superpixel algorithm to reduce the complexity while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy. As a final point, the Correlation coefficient test finds the spoiled area between healthy tissue and abnormal tissue by color encoding. This intends to identify the suspected abnormal areas (lesion) from the source images.

Keywords

Correlation Coefficient, Lesion Area, Morphological Operation, Multidimensional Filter, Sobel Edge Detection, Superpixel Segmentation

Full Text

   

P. Murugan ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, R. Pandiyan ², M. Annadurai ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore - 560017, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Water body management and food-grains supply will be challenging tasks. Selecting spectral bands for accurate area estimation of water body and selected vegetation (crop) is the objective of this study. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: Indices such as Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are used for extracting water and vegetation respectively from other features. Generally bands providing high index values for the target are utilized for extraction. In this study the bands giving high index value for selected target and low index for surrounding are selected. Bands selected in this method provide better extraction and accurate area estimation. Findings: The NDWI and NDVI are based on multispectral data and have less number of combinations for band sets selection. Though the proposed method is derived from NDWI, it utilizes the Hyperspectral data that has narrow and hundreds of bands. Another advantage of this method is it utilizes the index value of target and surrounding features. It selects suitable band set by iteration method and provides accurate extraction of the targets and area estimation. The performance of the bands selected in this method was tested with coastal and inland water bodies. Area estimated with this method matches with NDVI and MNDWI values. Applications/Improvements: This method selects suitable bands to estimate area of water body and vegetation. This estimation will be useful for water body management and food production forecasting.

Keywords

Algorithm, Hyperspectral, Index, Vegetation, Water Body.

Full Text

   

M. Sureshkumar ¹, R. Sivakumar ², M. Nagarajan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai - 603203, Tamil Nadu,, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai - 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Soil and Water Management Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University ,Thanjavur - 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The municipal solid waste management is a challenging task for local authorities. To manage this, a study was conducted in Kanchipuram municipality, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Spatial database was prepared for the study area by using high-resolution satellite imagery. Non-spatial information like street name, road name, a nearby landmark, bin number and bin type were added in Geographical Information System (GIS). In this study modern technique like Global Positioning System (GPS), a communication system (GPRS and GSM), GIS and computer programming are integrated to assist the solid waste management. Findings: This integration may serve to overcome the conventional conflict in solid waste management within the municipal region. The proposed system consists multiple spatial information in the prepared digital database, like bin location (with reference to its latitude and longitude); ward details, onboard monitoring of bin strategy. Based on a study of smart bin usage in developed countries, new type smart bins with sensor arrangements are suggested. The solid waste strategy of each bin in each ward could be collected by monitoring authority through the GPRS and GSM technique which is fixed in the proposed bin. This developed system consists of the bin priority, strategy, and track location. This will serve for taking a decision by applying queries to the created database and also to enhance the solid waste management technique in Kanchipuram municipality. Application: This work proves incorporation of recent technique in municipal solid waste management will save both time and money.

Keywords

GIS, GPS, GSM, Sensors, Solid Waste Management.

Full Text

   

R. Sivakumar ¹, P. Deepa ¹, D. Sankaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai – 600119, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The objective of this paper is to design a decentralised PID controller for MIMO process model using Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) algorithm using three different cost functions. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this work, each decentralised PID controller is separately designed for the top product loop and bottom product loop. The proposed method is tested on Wood and Berry (WB) model and Wardle and Wood (WW) model. A comparative study is presented on the considered cost function using the quality measure values, such as ITSE, ITAE, number of iteration and CPU time taken for the simulation. Findings: The result confirms that, all the cost function based approaches offers similar result. Application/Improvements: In future, this method can be tested using some most successful heuristic algorithms existing in the literature.

Keywords

Bacterial Foraging Optimization, Distillation Column, ITSE, ITAE, Multi-Input-Multi-Output System, PID Control

Full Text